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To develop protocols necessary for the existence of a global lo-ti / worked best minds of mankind. One of them was Vinton Cerf (Vinton G. Cerf). Who is this man called <father Internet>. In 1997, US President Bill Clinton awarded Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn of his colleague (Robert E. Kahn)-term national medal for his services in the field of technology, noting their contribution to the development of the Internet. Vinton Cerf now holds the position of senior vice president of Internet architecture Corporation MCI WorldCom Inc. In 1972, a group of developers led by Vinton Cerf developed the protocols TCP / IP - Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (control protocol re-cottage / Internet Protocol). The experiment on the development of this protocol was carried out for the Ministry-hand about the United States. This project was named ARPANet (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network - Network Agency important research projects). Obviously, in obstanov-ke War, when the need arises to share information more than ever, there is a problem of unpredictability state of the path that will be transferred to one or the other in-formation - any of the nodes transmit at any time may be incapacitated pro- adversaries. Therefore, the main objective in the design of network protocols is its <simplicity> - it would work with any network environment and, moreover, have flexibility in the choice of delivery route information. Later, TCP / IP has outgrown its original purpose, and became the basis of a rapidly evolving global network, now known as the Internet, as well as smaller networks using Internet technology - Intranet. TCP / IP standards are open-mi and continuously improved. Actually, TCP / IP protocol is not one but a whole set of protocols that work together. It consists of two levels. The upper layer protocol, TCP, corresponds-sible for the correctness of the conversion of messages into packets of information, of which at emnoy-hand about the original message. Lower layer protocols, IP, is responsible for the correct delivery of messages to the specified address - sometimes packages of one-reported can be delivered in different ways.
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