Влияют ли гаджеты на наш мозг?У люд

Влияют ли гаджеты на наш мозг?
У людей, чрезмерно увлечённых современной медиа-электроникой, в некоторых областях мозга уменьшается количество серого вещества.
Трудно представить современную жизнь без ноутбуков, смартфонов, планшетов, но чрезмерно увлекаться ими не стоит – исследователи из Университета Сассекса и Университетского колледжа Лондона (Великобритания) выяснили, что частое использование таких устройств сопровождается уменьшением количества серого вещества в мозге.
В эксперименте участвовали 75 человек, которые должны были ответить, как сильно они зависят от различных медиа-устройств, начиная от мобильных телефонов и компьютеров и заканчивая телевизором (кроме того, в опросник были включены также печатные издания). Результаты опроса совместили с результатами фМРТ мозга, и оказалось, что у тех, кто больше всего пользуется медиа-электроникой, меньше серого вещества в одной из зон мозга. Эта зона называется передней поясной корой, участвует в выполнении когнитивных задач и помогает контролировать эмоции. Результаты исследований опубликованы в PLoS ONE.
То, что мозг может меняться под действием условий среды, уже давно не новость. В зависимости от того, какие задачи приходится выполнять человеку, нейронные цепочки перестраиваются, нейроны формируют новые отростки и соединения, что может вести к довольно масштабным изменениям в структуре мозга: один из самых известных примеров – увеличение гиппокампа у лондонских таксистов, которым нужно держать в уме подробную карту города. Понятно, что для мозговых изменений влияние среды должно быть сильным и стабильным, но ведь всевозможные гаджеты как раз и обеспечивают такое сильное и стабильное влияние – вряд ли сейчас можно найти такого человека, который не знал бы, что такое компьютер или мобильный телефон.
Однако если у таксистов серого вещества прибывало, то в случае гаджетов его, наоборот, убывает. Виноваты здесь, очевидно, не сами гаджеты, а рассосредоточенность внимания, которой они способствуют. Человек может одновременно смотреть фильм на экране планшета и о чём-то говорить в чате на смартфоне, и, хотя для этого есть красивое выражение «медийная многозадачность», такая многозадачность ослабляет способность концентрироваться на чём-то одном, повышает отвлекаемость и даже может провоцировать эмоциональные проблемы, приводящие к хронической тревожности и депрессии. Психологические исследования здесь ведутся давно, и вот сейчас, по-видимому, результаты таких работ получили нейробиологические доказательства.
Однако стоит заметить, что авторам работы удалось лишь обнаружить корреляцию между увлечением гаджетами и особенностями строения мозга. О причинно-следственной связи здесь говорить пока рано. Конечно, сам собой напрашивается вывод, что именно устройства вызвали перестройку серого вещества, но ведь может быть и так, что люди с некоторыми особенностями поясной коры тянутся к разнообразным устройствам – в таком случае гипертрофированная увлечённость медиа-электроникой будет следствием. Так что корректный ответ на вопрос «влияют ли гаджеты на наш мозг?» мы получим только после дальнейших исследований на эту тему.

Results (English) 1:

Whether gadgets on our brain?People overly keen modern media electronics, in some areas of the brain decreases the amount of gray matter.It is difficult to imagine modern life without laptops, smartphones, tablets, but overly carried away they are not worth it-researchers from the University of Sussex and University College London (United Kingdom) found that frequent use of such devices is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of grey matter in the brain.The experiment involved 75 people who had to answer how much they depend on the various media devices, ranging from mobile phones and computers and ending with the tv (in addition, the questionnaire also included printings). The results of the survey have combined with the results of fMRI brain, and it turned out that those who enjoyed the media-electronics, less grey matter in one of the brain regions. This area is called the anterior Cingulate Cortex, participates in the implementation of cognitive tasks and helps to control emotions. Results of research published in PLoS ONE.The fact that the brain can change under the influence of environmental conditions, no longer news. Depending on what tasks you have to perform the person, neural, neurons are rebuilt chain form new shoots and connections that can lead to quite large-scale changes in the structure of the brain: one of the most famous examples is the increase of the hippocampus from the London taxi drivers who need to keep in mind a detailed city map. It is clear that brain changes impact the environment has to be strong and stable, but all sorts of gadgets as times and provide such a strong and stable influence-now you can hardly find a person who doesn't know what a computer or mobile phone.However, if taxi drivers gray matter were, in the case of his gadgets, on the contrary, decreases. To blame here, obviously, not gadgets, and rassosredotočennost′ attention to which they contribute. People can simultaneously watch the movie on the screen of the Tablet and talk about something in a chat on the phone, and, although this is a beautiful expression of "media multitasking", this multi-tasking ability to concentrate on something one, distractibility increases and may even provoke emotional problems that lead to chronic anxiety and depression. Psychological research conducted here a long time ago, and now, apparently, the results of these works received nejrobiologičeskie proofs.However, it is worth noting that the authors of the work, only to discover a correlation between fad gadgets and special features of the structure of the brain. On the causation here so far. Of course, the conclusion is that it is a device caused a restructuring of the grey matter, but it could be that people with some features of the Cingulate Cortex are reaching out to a variety of devices-in this case of hypertrophic passion Media Electronics will result. So the correct answer to the question "whether gadgets on our brain?" we get only after further research on this topic.

Results (English) 2:

Do the gadgets on our brains?
The people being obsessed with the modern media electronics in some areas of the brain reduces the amount of gray matter.
It is difficult to imagine modern life without laptops, smartphones, tablets, but too carried away by them is not necessary - the researchers from the University of Sussex and University College London (UK) found that frequent use of such devices is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of gray matter in the brain.
The experiment involved 75 people who had to answer how much they depend on a variety of media devices, ranging from mobile phones and computers to TV (moreover, in the questionnaire were also included prints). The survey results combined with the results of fMRI brain, and found that those who most enjoys media electronics, less gray matter in one of the areas of the brain. This area is called the anterior cingulate cortex, is involved in the performance of cognitive tasks and helps control emotions. The research results were published in PLoS ONE.
The fact that the brain can be changed under the influence of environmental conditions is no longer news. Depending on what tasks are given to the person neuronal chains are rebuilt, the neurons form new processes and compounds that can lead to a rather large-scale changes in the structure of the brain, one of the most famous examples - increase in the hippocampus in London taxi drivers, who need to keep in mind detailed city map. It is clear that the brain changes the impact protection must be strong and stable, but in fact all sorts of gadgets just provide a strong and stable influence - is unlikely now you can find a man who does not know what a computer or mobile phone.
However, if taxi drivers arrived gray matter, in the case of his gadgets, on the contrary, decreases. Blame is obviously not the gadgets and the allocated attention, which they contribute. A person can simultaneously watch a movie on your tablet and of something to talk in chat on your smartphone, and although it has a beautiful expression "Media multitasking", such multitasking reduces the ability to concentrate on something one, increases the distraction and may even provoke emotional problems resulting in chronic anxiety and depression. Psychological studies are underway for a long time, and now, apparently, the results of such work have received neurobiological evidence.
However, it should be noted that the authors of the work could only detect a correlation between the fad gadgets and structural features of the brain. On the causal relationship is too early to say. Of course, the conclusion suggests itself that this device caused the restructuring of the gray matter, but that may be true that people with certain features of the cingulate cortex are drawn to a variety of devices - in this case, exaggerated enthusiasm for electronic media will be a consequence. So the correct answer to the question "Do the gadgets on our brains?" We get only after further research on this topic.

Results (English) 3:

impact whether gadgets in our brain?
people excessively hot modern media electronics, in some areas of the brain decreases the amount of gray matter. it is difficult to imagine modern life without computers.smartphones and, but tempered them should not, researchers from the university of sussex, and the university college of london (united kingdom) foundthe frequent use of such devices is accompanied by a reduction in gray matter in the brain.
in the experiment were 75 people to answerhow much they depend on different media devices, ranging from mobile phones and computers to the tv (in addition, the questionnaire also included publications).the results of the survey have combined with the results of fmri brain, and it turned out that those who most has the media electronics, less gray matter in one of the areas of the brain. this zone is called the anterior cingulate cortex.participates in performing cognitive tasks and helps to control the emotions. the research, published in plos one.
because the brain can change under the action of environment protection, has long been not news.depending on the task to implement a neural chain're regrouping, neurons form new processes and compoundsthat could lead to a major change in the structure of the brain: one of the most famous examples is the increase in the hippocampus at the london taxi drivers who want to keep in mind a detailed map of the city. okay,the brain changes that influence environment must be strong and stable, but all sorts of gadgets like time and provide a strong and stable effect is unlikely now, you can find such a man.who know that a computer or mobile phone. however, if the drivers of gray matter come, in the case of gadgets, on the contrary, the less. it's obviously not the gadgets.and рассосредоточенность attention to which they contribute. people can also watch the movie on the screen of the tablet and something to say in chat for smartphone, andalthough this is a beautiful expression of the media многозадачность», a multitasking weakens the ability to concentrate on one thing,increases the отвлекаемость and may even provoke emotional problems, leading to chronic anxiety and depression. psychological research is conducted for a long time, and now, apparently,the results of such works have been нейробиологические evidence. however, it should be noticed that the work has only been able to detect the correlation between the fancy gadgets and the features of brain structure.on the causation of it too early. of course, the conclusion must be that the device caused alterations of gray matter, but it may be sopeople with certain characteristics of the cingulate cortex are drawn to a variety of devices - in this case, гипертрофированная увлечённость media electronics will result.so the correct answer to the question "is it gadgets in our brain? "we can only after the further research on this topic.