Наибольшее распространение получили

Наибольшее распространение получили четырехтактные двигатели внутреннего сгорания, в которых полный рабочий цикл в цилиндре осуществляется за четыре хода поршня вверх-вниз. Сначала цилиндр заполняется горючей смесью через впускной клапан (такт впуска), потом происходит сжатие рабочей смеси (такт сжатия), после чего она воспламеняется электрической искрой от свечи зажигания (рабочий ход), и наконец, продукты сгорания выталкиваются из цилиндра через выпускной клапан (такт выпуска). Рабочая смесь готовится вне цилиндров двигателя в специальном приборе, который называется карбюратор. Газообразные продукты сгорания, имеющие высокую температуру, расширяются, давят на поршень и заставляют его двигаться вниз по цилиндру (т. е. происходит рабочий ход). Движущийся поршень через шатун передает усилие на коленчатый вал, заставляя его вращаться. Таким образом, возвратно-поступательное (прямолинейное) движение поршня преобразуется во вращательное движение коленчатого вала.

Results (English) 1:

The most widely used four-stroke internal combustion engines, in which a full cycle in cylinder four stroke is carried upside-down. First, the cylinder is filled with the combustible mixture through the inlet valve (inlet quantum), then the compression mixture (tact), whereupon it ignited the spark from the spark plug (working stroke), and finally, the products of combustion are pushed out from the cylinder through the exhaust valve (tact). Working the mixture is cooked out engine cylinders in a special device called a carburetor. Combustion gases with higher temperature, increasing pressure on the plunger and make it move down the cylinder (i.e. stroke occurs). Moving the piston through the connecting rod transfers the force on the crankshaft, causing it to rotate. Thus, the reciprocating piston movement (rectilinear) is converted into rotational motion of the crankshaft.

Results (English) 2:

The most widely used four-stroke internal combustion engines, in which the full cycle in the cylinder is carried out in four stroke up and down. First, the cylinder is filled with a combustible mixture through the inlet valve (intake stroke), then compresses the working mixture (the compression stroke), then it is ignited by an electric spark from the spark plug (stroke), and finally, the combustion products are expelled from the cylinder through the exhaust valve (measure release). Working mixture is prepared outside the engine cylinder in a special device called a carburetor. The combustion gases having a high temperature, expand, putting pressure on the piston and force it to move down the cylinder (ie. E. The travel takes place). Moving through the piston rod transmits the force to the crankshaft, causing it to rotate. Thus, a reciprocating (linear) movement of the piston is converted into rotary motion of the crankshaft.

Results (English) 3:

most common were четырехтактные internal combustion engines, in which a complete working cycle in a cylinder is carried out in four of the piston up and down. the first cylinder filled with a combustible mixture in the intake valve (tact intake), then is the compression of the working mixture (time compression), after which she ignites electric spark from the spark plug (working stroke), and finally, the products of combustion from the cylinder through the valve выталкиваются prom (measure of). the mixture is prepared outside the engine cylinders in a special device called the carburetor. the gaseous combustion products with high temperature, increasing the pressure on the piston and causing it to move down the цилиндру (t. e. is the working stroke). a piston through the connecting rod transmits the force applied to the crankshaft, causing it to rotate. thus, the back forward (linear) movement of the piston is converted to rotational movement коленчатого shaft.