Питер Чекленд привлек внимание к дв

Питер Чекленд привлек внимание к двум альтернативным парадигмам (жесткой и мягкой), которые объясняют природу и значение системного мышления. Традиционное, жесткое системное мышление невольно заставляет наблюдателя искать систему в изучаемой социальной ситуации, навязывает рассмотрение социального объекта в четких системных терминах (структура – функции, цели – средства). Во многих случаях системные "шоры" могут существенно исказить реальную ситуацию.

П. Чекленд разрабатывает ММС как системно ориентированное руководство, помогающее справиться со сложностью окружающего человека реального мира. При этом подчеркивается, что проблемы, с которыми сталкивается человек, не могут быть решены раз и навсегда. Чекленд трактует ММС как процесс обучения, состоящий из семи этапов

Results (English) 1:

Peter Čeklend drew attention to two alternative paradigms (hard and soft), which explain the nature and significance of systems thinking. Traditional, hard systems thinking unwittingly causes the observer to search system in the study of the social situation, imposes the consideration of social object in clear terms the system (structure-function, goal). In many cases, system "blinders" can significantly distort the real situation.P. Čeklend develops MMS as systemically oriented guide to help you cope with the complexity surrounding a person in the real world. It is emphasized that the problems faced by the people, cannot be solved once and for all. Čeklend MMC interprets as a learning process, consisting of seven stages

Results (English) 2:

Peter Cheklend drew attention to two alternative paradigms (hard and soft), which explain the nature and importance of systems thinking. Traditional, rigid systems thinking unwittingly causes the observer to look for a system in the study of the social situation, forcing consideration of the social object in clear terms of the system (structure - function, purpose - funds). In many cases, the system "blinkers" can significantly distort the real situation.

P. Cheklend MMC develops systemically oriented guide to help cope with the complexity of the real world around the person. It is emphasized that the problems people face can not be solved once and for all. Cheklend MMC interprets as a learning process consists of seven stages

Results (English) 3:

peter чекленд drew attention to two alternative paradigms (hard and soft), which explains the nature and importance of systemic thinking. the traditional, rigid systemic thinking unwittingly makes observer search system in a topic, social situation, impose the social object clear systemic terms (structure, function, purpose and means. in many cases, the system of "outside the box" can significantly distort the reality of the situation.p. чекленд develops n.a. as systemically oriented direction, helps to cope with the complexity of the rights of the real world. it is emphasized that the problems faced by the people, can not be resolved once and for all. чекленд treats text as a learning process, consisting of seven stages