Типы взаимодействия. Сотрудничество

Типы взаимодействия. Сотрудничество, сотрудничество, соперничество

Введение
Интерактивная сторона общения - это условный термин, обозначающий характеристику тех компонентов общения, которые связаны с взаимодействием людей, с непосредственной организацией их совместной деятельности.
Исследование проблемы взаимодействия в психологии управления имеет давнюю традицию.Интуитивно легко допустить несомненную связь, которая существует между общением и взаимодействием людей, однако трудно развести эти понятия и тем самым сделать эксперименты более точно ориентированными.
Одни ученые просто отождествляют общение и взаимодействие, интерпретируя и то и другое как коммуникацию в узком смысле слова ( то есть как обмен информацией), другие рассматривают отношения между взаимодействием и общением как отношение формы некоторого процесса и его содержания. Иногда предпочитают говорить о связанном, но все же самостоятельное существование общения как коммуникации и взаимодействия как интеракции. Часть этих разночтений порождена терминологическими трудностями, в частности тем, что понятие «общение» употребляется то узком, то в широком смысле слова.
В процессе общения в коллективе формируется общность взглядов на принципиальные вопросы, определяет все дальнейшее взаимодействие субъектов совместной деятельности, их стратегию поведения, то есть формируется общая позиция, способствует интеграции сотрудников в единое социальное целое. Только в таких случаях коллектив способен успешно решать задачи той сложности, которая соответствует уровню компетентности его членов.ОБЩЕНИЕ КАК ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ
Взаимодействие как Организация совместной деятельности
Коммуникации в самом широком смысле этого слова (как в реальности межличностных и социальных отношений) включает в себя коммуникации в узком смысле как обмен информацией.
Если коммуникативный процесс основан на некоторых совместной деятельности, обмена знаниями и идеи по поводу этой деятельности неизбежно подразумевает, что достигнуто соглашение реализуется в новых совместных попытках развивать далее деятельность, организовать ее. Часть одновременно многих людей в этой деятельности означает, что каждый должен сделать свой собственный специальный вклад, и это позволяет интерпретировать взаимодействие как организацию совместной деятельности.
В ходе ее для участников чрезвычайно важно не только обменяться информацией, но и организовать "обмен действиями», спланировать общую стратегию. При этом планировании возможна такая регуляция действий одного индивида «планами, созревшими в голове другого», которая и делает деятельность действительно совместной, когда носителем ее будет выступать уже не отдельный индивид, а группа. Таким образом, на вопрос о том, какая же «другая» сторона общения раскрывается понятием «взаимодействие», можно теперь ответить: та сторона, которая фиксирует не только обмен информацией, но и организацию совместных действий, позволяющих партнерам реализовать некоторую общую для них деятельность. Такое решение вопроса исключает отрыв взаимодействия от коммуникации, но исключает и отождествление их: коммуникация организуется в ходе совместной деятельности, «по поводу» ее, и именно в этом процессе людям необходимо обмениваться и информацией, и самими действиями.

Results (English) 1:

Types of interaction. Collaboration, cooperation, competitionIntroduction Interactive communication-this side of the conditional term for the characteristics of the components of communication associated with the interaction of people with the Organization of their joint activities. Study on the problems of interaction in management psychology has a long tradition. intuitively easy to allow unequivocal link between communication and interaction between people, but it is difficult to separate these concepts and thereby make the experiment more precisely focused. Some scientists simply identify communication and interaction, interpreting both as communication in the strict sense (that is, as information exchange), others view the relationship between interaction and communication as a form of a process and its content. Sometimes prefer to speak of, but the separate existence of communication as communication and interaction as interaction. Part of the confusion generated by the terminological difficulties, in particular that the notion of "communication" is used the narrow, in the broad sense of the word. In the process of communication in the team is formed by the convergence of views on policy questions, determines all further interaction of actors, their strategy of behavior, that is, a common position, facilitates the integration of employees into a cohesive social unit. Only in such cases, the team is able to successfully meet the challenges of complexity, which corresponds to the level of competence of its members. COMMUNICATION AS INTERACTIONInteraction as the Organization of joint activitiesCommunication in the broadest sense of the word (as in reality of interpersonal and social relations) involves communication in a narrow sense as the exchange of information.If the communicative process is based on some joint activities, the exchange of knowledge and ideas about these activities necessarily implies that the agreement is implemented in new collaborative efforts to develop further activities, organize it. Part at the same time many people in these activities means that everyone has to make their own special contribution to, and it allows you to treat a relationship as the Organization of joint activities.In the course of its participants it is extremely important not only to exchange information, but also organize exchange activities ", to plan a common strategy. The planning is the regulation of one individual "action plans, matured in the head of the other" which does indeed work together when a carrier it will serve is no longer a separate individual and group. Thus, the question as to what "the other side of the communication is the concept of" collaboration ", you can now reply: the party that captures not only the exchange of information and joint actions that allow partners to implement some common activities for them. This solution eliminates the separation of interaction of communication, but excludes and equating their: communication is organised in the collaboration between "about" her, and it is in this process, people need to share and exchange information, and actions.

Results (English) 2:

Types of interaction. Collaboration, cooperation, competition Introduction interactive aspect of communication - it is a conditional term for characterization of those components of communication that are associated with the interaction of people with the immediate organization of their joint activities. Study of the problem of interaction in the psychology of management has a long traditsiyu.Intuitivno easy to make the obvious connection that there is communication and interaction between people, but it is difficult to separate these concepts and thus make the experiments more accurately oriented. Some scholars simply equate communication and interaction, interpreting both as communication in the narrow sense (ie exchange of information), others see the relationship between interaction and communication as the ratio of the form of a process and its content. Sometimes prefer to talk about related, but nevertheless independent existence of communication as communication and interaction as interaction. Some of these discrepancies is generated by terminological difficulties, in particular the fact that the term "communication" is used narrowly, in the broad sense of the word. In the process of communication in a team formed by the commonality of views on matters of principle, determines all future joint activities between subjects, their strategy of behavior, that is formed by the common position, promotes the integration of employees into a single social whole. Only in such cases, the team is able to successfully meet the challenges of the complexity, which corresponds to the level of competence of its chlenov.OBSchENIE as interaction Interaction as the organization of joint activities Communication in the broadest sense of the word (as in the reality of interpersonal and social relations) includes communication in the narrow sense exchange of information. If the communication process based on some joint activities, exchange of knowledge and ideas about this activity necessarily implies that an agreement is implemented in the new joint attempt to further develop activities to organize it. Part of many people at the same time in this activity means that everyone has to make their own special contribution, and this allows us to interpret the interaction as the organization of joint activities. In the course of its participants is extremely important not only to share information, but also to organize an "exchange action" plan overall strategy. In this case, the planning can be such a regulation of the actions of one individual "plans, matured in the head of another", which makes the operation really together, when it will act as a carrier no longer separate individual and the group. Thus, the question of what kind of "other" side of the dialogue reveals the concept of "interaction" can now answer: the side that captures not only the exchange of information, but also the organization of joint actions that enable partners to implement some common activities for them. This solution eliminates the gap between the issue of interaction of communication, but exclude their identification: communication is organized in a joint activity, "about" it, and that in this process people need to share information and, and by the actions.

Results (English) 3:

Types of collaboration. Cooperation, collaboration, and rivalry

Introduction
Online side communication - this conditional term that displays the components of communications,Which are related to the interaction between people, with the immediate organization of joint activities.
Study problems in psychology management has a long-standing tradition.An intuitive easy to allow unequivocal relationship that exists between talking and interaction between people, but it is difficult to separate these concepts and thereby make experiments more accurately-oriented.
Some scientists simply equate communication and interaction, NATO secretary general Jaap de Hoop and the other as a communication in the narrow sense of the word (that is, as soon as an exchange of information).Others are considering relations between interaction and communication as the ratio of some process and its content. Sometimes prefer to speak on the associated,But the same self-the existence of the communication as well as communication and interaction as well as interstate comparisons. Part of the confusion stems from terminological difficulties, in particular the factThat the notion of "communication" is used It is a narrow, in the broad sense of the word.
IN the communication in a team is a commonality of views on questions of principle,Determines all further interaction between actors joint activities, their strategy of behavior, that is a common position, facilitates the integration of staff in a single social unit.Only in such cases, the team is able to address successfully the challenges of complexity, which is consistent with the level of competence of members.communication as interaction
Interaction as well as the organization of cooperative activities
Communication in the broadest sense of the word (as in reality interpersonal and social relations) includes a communication in the narrow sense, as the exchange of information.
If communicative process is based on some joint activities, the sharing of knowledge and ideas about the activities necessarily implies,An agreement has been reached that is implemented in the new joint attempts to develop further activities, to organize it. Part of the many people in this activity means,That everyone should make their own special contribution, and this allows to interpret interaction as well as the joint activities.
In the course of its for the participants it is extremely important not only to exchange information, but also to organize the exchange of actions", to plan a common strategy.If this planning is possible slowing of action of one individual "plans, ripe in the head another", which makes the truly joint,When the media it will speak already is not a separate individual, and the group. Thus, the question of, what is the "other" side communication disclosed notion of "interaction", you can now reply to: the party,Which secures not only an exchange of information, but also the organization of joint action, allowing partners to implement some common to them.Such a solution to the question eliminates tear interaction from communications, but excludes and equating them: communication is organized in the joint activities, "the" it,And it is in this context that the people need to be able to communicate and exchange, and by the actions.